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Ethiopia's military yesterday accused the World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's . Eritrean Foreign Minister Osman Salih on Monday blamed Ethiopia's Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) rebels for provoking a "major war" in Tigray. In early November 2020, TPLF forces were accused of having attacked and looted federal military bases in the region. Ethiopia itself is located close to war-torn Yemen. A huge land in Addis and other places? Answer (1 of 8): Tigray rebels were preparing themselves for at least three years to fight against Ethiopian force. Birhanu did not offer any evidence to support his accusations. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. Residents say Tigray rebels take control of UNESCO site Lalibela The development indicates rebels are continuing a weeks-long push beyond Tigray that has, according to Ethiopian officials,. World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has been accused of supporting Tigray rebels TPLF in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian army chief Birhanu Jula accused that small groups within the Sudanese government work for a third party to drag the two countries into war over the border. 41 other refugees interviewed have also described attacks, looting, and threats by Amhara forces. Yabsira Eshetie, the administrator of the area, denied the claims. Military attacks are once again punctuating the ongoing crisis in Ethiopia. [333], On 23 March 2021, a driver from Mdecins Sans Frontires was beaten by Ethiopian soldiers after witnessing extrajudicial killings by Ethiopian government soldiers. In total, 27 civilians were killed and 100 others were injured. Since early November 2020, the Ethiopian government and Tigray fighters have been exchanging fire in a conflictthathas claimedthousands of lives and has leftmore than400,000 people facing famine, according to a recent UN estimate. [2] Heavy fighting in western Afar displaced over 54,000 people, and resulted in the TDF reportedly capturing three districts in the region. [192][193] On 9 August, UNICEF executive director Henrietta Fore expressed concern about reports that over 200 people, including 100 children, had been killed in attacks on displaced families sheltering at a health facility and a school in the Afar Region. Tigrayan leader Meles Zenawiwas Ethiopia's transitional president from 1991 untilpoorly contested elections in1995, when he was elected prime minister. UN partners reported continued looting of health facilities. [130][131] During the subsequent days, skirmishes continued and the Ethiopian federal parliament declared the creation of an interim government for Tigray. But he faces a problem. The US has abandoned Ethiopia. Amhara and Eritrean forces also controlled parts of Tigray in the west and north, respectively. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implementing the #Pretoria agreement" that was signed between Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan rebels, Tigray People . [171][53] This resulted in the TDF growing in strength and the concept of secession from Ethiopia gaining popularity in Tigray, a stance which was considered likely to inflame Amhara-Tigray territorial disputes. As per Reuters, Ethiopian forces have carried out aerial bombardment in Tigrays regional capital city of Mekelle for at least four days this week. The fighters havemanaged to recruitalliesand areapproaching the capital, Addis Ababa. But the state-appointed Ethiopian Human Rights Commission has documented extrajudicial killings by government troops. The International Crisis Group claimed that the TDF now controlled most of the Tigray region. "[61][62] Together with seven smaller rebel groups, the TPLF and OLA declared a coalition aiming to "dismantle Abiy's government by force or by negotiations, and then form a transitional authority. Whose interests is Turkey safeguarding in Sudan? Despite the progress made, many are still hard to reach due to ongoing fighting. It did little to stop the spread, documents show", "Facebook accused by survivors of letting activists incite ethnic massacres with hate and misinformation in Ethiopia", "Oversight Board raises alarm over Facebook's role in Ethiopian conflict", "Eighteen journalists arrested in Ethiopia, two facing possible death sentence", "Ethiopian media regulator threatens to expel BBC, Reuters, CNN and AP for 'assisting' TPLF agenda", "Ethiopia launches crackdown on journalists and activists", "Journalists Struggle Through Information Blackout in Ethiopia", "In Ethiopia, mass detention signals shrinking press freedom", "Ethiopia: The daunting task of reporting the Tigray conflict", "Number of journalists behind bars reaches global high", "Communiqu of the 38th extraordinary assembly of IGAD heads of state and government Djibouti, Republic of Djibouti 20th December 2020", "Ethiopia's regional Tigray forces name conditions for peace with government", "UN Calls on Tigray Forces to Endorse Cease-fire", "Ethiopia: Government, Tigrayan forces agree to end two-year war", "Ethiopia civil war: Tigray truce a triumph for PM Abiy Ahmed", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tigray_War&oldid=1134199508, Second agreement for implementing the peace deal signed by both parties (12 November 2022), This page was last edited on 17 January 2023, at 13:37. Russia has even signed a military cooperation agreement with Ethiopia. [169] That same month, an undated video surfaced that purported to show Ethiopian troops executing 11 unarmed men before throwing their bodies off a cliff near Mahibere Dego. However, if and when it is built, the megadam will help Ethiopia in generating enough hydroelectricity to solve its own power problems and also those of its neigbours. The Ethiopian forces are quite clearly winning the war against the TPLF despite the US imposing sanctions on the East African nation. 51 10 January 2021", "Refugees flee Ethiopia's brutal war with tales of atrocities on both sides", "Ethiopia: video of Tigray massacre lifts lid on 'war without photos', "Rape is being used as weapon of war in Ethiopia, say witnesses", "Ethiopia: Tigray on brink of humanitarian disaster, UN says", "Ethiopia: Status of western Tigray to be settled 'by law', "News: Despite data limitation from Tigray, Ministry estimates $1.4 b needed to restore war damaged health facilities across Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's peace may depend on post-conflict plans for Tigray soldiers", "Rise and fall of Ethiopia's TPLF from rebels to rulers and back", "Ethiopia's Hailemariam Desalegn sworn in as prime minister", "Analysis | Why is Ethiopia in upheaval? [110][267] Still, negotiations continued onward, and on 2 November, Ethiopia and the TPLF announced that they had signed an agreement for a cessation of hostilities (made effective the next day on 3 November, marking the two-year anniversary of the war);[50] however, Eritrea and other warring parties were not involved in the agreement, leaving their status ambiguous. [196], On 9 September 2021, the Ethiopian government claimed Tigrayan forces had been "routed" and heavily defeated in the Afar Region. This essentially relates to the geostrategic advantage that Ethiopia enjoys. This is why Abiy Ahmed, a man of mixed Oromo-Amharic parentage won favour with the two majority communities and came to power in 2018. [168] Several of these clashes took place in mid-February at Samre, a small town 45km (28mi) south-west of Mekelle. Your email address will not be published. [358] By March 2021, Shire had become a major centre for internally displaced people and humanitarian aid distribution. The EPRDF government led the country through periodic drought and famine, and the 1998-2000 border war with northern neighbor Eritrea. Four other regional governments also made a call to arms. "[119][53], In late September 2020, the TPLF stated that the constitutional term limit of the House of Federation, the House of Peoples' Representatives, the prime minister, and the Council of Ministers was 5 October 2020 and that for this reason, it would consider "the incumbent" constitutionally illegitimate after 5 October; they proposed replacing the government with a technocratic caretaker government, as detailed in a plan posted on Facebook by the Coalition of Ethiopian Federalist Forces. The Sudanese government emphasized its keenness on the unity, security, and stability of neighboring Ethiopia more than once. Ethiopia consists of three main ethnic communities: The Oromo and the Amhara felt that they were being marginalized by the Tigray minority under the rule of a TPLF-dominated coalition, which funelled a large share of national resources into the Tigray region. [349][238] On 25 August (one day after the war resumed), the WFP accused the TPLF of stealing 570,000 liters of fuel meant to transport humanitarian aid. "[155], The new offensive effectively ended the unilateral ceasefire declared by the federal government in June[203] and further deepened fears of the developing famine in Tigray, with a federal government blockade still preventing most aid from arriving. [120] Ethiopian elite units were transported to Gherghera base near Asmara, as part of an alleged pact between Prime Minister Abiy and Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki to "strike out of existence the TPLF," according to former Eritrean Minister of Defence Mesfin Hagos. United Arab Emirates has supported the Abiy government financially and also with drones (Unmanned Air Vehicles) in the war on Tigray. This is how the Gulf nation is also known to support the Khalifa Haftar regime in Libya against the Turkey-backed regime. The US has abandoned Ethiopia. The Ethiopian army announced that it had thwarted an attempt by elements allied with Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) to infiltrate Sudan's territory to the GERD site to disrupt its construction. The aftermath of an airstrike in Mekele, capital of the Tigray region of northern . The war was primarily fought in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia between the Ethiopian federal government and Eritrea on one side, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on the other.. After years of increased tensions and hostilities between the TPLF and the governments of Ethiopia and Eritrea . [233] By August, talks started to break down, with both the Ethiopian government and the TPLF accusing each other of refusing to make peace. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. All sides wished to secure a military victory, but they lacked the ability to do so in the near term, and so they began to prepare for a prolonged conflict. Ethiopian government forces and their allies have been fighting against the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), the ruling party of the country's northern region, for just over a year. [66] On 12 November, both parties signed a deal to allow humanitarian aid into Tigray. "There is an outgoing confusion in the social media on the participation of the government of South Sudan in one way or the other supplying arms to the Ethiopian rebels," Makuei said. Despite the delay, officials in the Tigray region went ahead with regional elections in September 2020. Sudan denied claims that it was involved in an armed group's attempt to attack the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), the second accusation of its kind involving Sudan in the Ethiopian crisis. Fighting broke out in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region in November 2020 after the central government accused Tigrayan fighters of attacking a federal army base and sending forces to the region . A number of reports have been made alleging that China, Iran, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates were all providing military support for the Ethiopian government via the sale of weaponized drones. Both campaigns produced disinformation and misinformation, though the majority of content produced was activist in nature. Ethiopia's military accused the World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's . Abiy's chief ally today is Isaias Afwerki, the dictator of Eritrea. He would go on to rule the countryuntil his death in 2012, and was succeeded by Hailemariam Desalegn. [141][142][c][143] In the late hours of 13 November 2020, Tigray forces fired a rocket towards the airports of Bahir Dar and Gondar in the Amhara Region. [363], Since then, the area has been under the de facto control of Amhara regional authorities. While the US projects TPLF as some sort of a victim, the insurgent group actually enjoyed political power for over two and a half decades as a part of a TPLF-dominated coalition government from 1991. Recently, in a speech made at the UN general assembly, President Biden mentioned the need for an African Union-led peace initiative regarding the conflict, a position long held by Ethiopia, but one the rebels disparaged, with their spokesman accusing the AU assigned chief mediator, Olusegun Obasanjo as being too close to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. The plan was to overthrow several regimes, like that of Gaddafi in Libya or Assad of Syria. Throughout the 1980s the TPLFemerged as a formidable challenger to Ethiopia's then Marxist military dictatorship. The Tigray War[b] was an armed conflict that lasted from 3 November 2020[a] to 3 November 2022. A Sudanese soldier later claimed that Ethiopian forces had launched artillery attacks on them and intruded into the Jebel al-Teyyour area, located 7 kilometres inside Sudan. [190], On 4 August 2021, some Agew people declared themselves independent from the Amhara Region and formed the Agew Liberation Front (ALF). [156], On 6 May, Ethiopia's House of Peoples Representatives declared the TPLF as a terrorist organization. [312], Ethnic Tigrayan members of Ethiopian components of United Nations peacekeeping missions were disarmed and some forcibly flown back to Ethiopia, at the risk of torture or execution, according to United Nations officials. It is not quite clear what UAE gets in return. [372][373], Researchers found that groups use tactics such as "copy and paste" campaigns hosted on websites, which include instructions for opening new accounts, copying and pasting pre-written tweets, and tagging influencers. [370], The Ethiopian government tried to control the information environment by positioning itself as the sole provider of reliable information. Template:Campaignbox Tigray war. "[216] Many countries also urged citizens to leave the country.[216]. Along with that, an estimated 250 motorized water pumping systems have been out of order, and the status of 11,000 hand pumps in rural areas was unknown. So, despite US sanctions, the UAE feels the need to help and arm Ethiopian forces to take on the TPLF fighters. Abiy kicked off a military campaign in the Tigray region, known as Operation Law enforcement, andpromised to swiftly defeat the TPLF fighters. In early 2018, after severalyears of frequent anti-government protests from different ethnic groups had seriously damaged the legitimacy of the EPRDF government, Hailemariam stepped down. In early 2018, after severalyears of frequent anti-government protests from different ethnic groups had seriously damaged the legitimacy of the. [166], Ultimately, the early gains made by the ENDF and EDF against Tigrayan forces did not lead to a decisive defeat of the re-organized and invigorated TDF. By the end of November 2020, thousands of people were believed to have been killed in the conflict and around 44,000 fled to Sudan. [121], In late October 2020, the Ethiopian Reconciliation Commission stated that it was trying to mediate between the federal government and the TPLF, as well as the other regional governments, but that the pre-conditions set by all sides were blocking progress. According to the Voice of America, several sources with direct knowledge of the program, including three Somali officials and a foreign diplomat, confirmed to them that Somali troops have been training in neighbouring Eritrea. Tigrayan guerrilla warfare (November 2020 June 2021), Tigrayan counter-offensive (June November 2021), TDF-OLA joint offensive (October December 2021), Government-allied counter-offensive (November 2021 March 2022), Resurgence of fighting (August November 2022), Second ceasefire (November 2022 present). [345], On 31 August 2021, USAID's mission director in Ethiopia, Sean Jones said: "We do have proof that several of our warehouses have been looted and completely emptied in the areas, particularly in Amhara, where TPLF soldiers have gone into, I do believe that the TPLF has been very opportunistic," in a televised interview with state broadcaster EBC in Addis Ababa. The intensity of the war has led to spillover effects on the surrounding countries in the region, especially in Sudan. [178] BBC News reporter Vivienne Nunis characterised the ceasefire as an attempt by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed to save face, the government having little other option. The African Union-brokered agreement includes the withdrawal of foreign forces from Tigray, the restoration of basic services and humanitarian aid, and the disarming of Tigray rebels. [231][232] Though there were initial hopes of finding a peaceful solution to ending the war, the talks soon became characterized by steadily increasing hostilities between the negotiation parties. [60] In early November 2021, the TDF, together with the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), took control of several towns on the highway south from Tigray Region towards Addis Ababa, and the TPLF stated that it considered "marching on [the capital]. [163] By early March, residents said that the number of Eritrean soldiers in Tigray was in the thousands. [250] On 2 October, the TPLF announced it had withdrawn troops from Amhara's North Wollo Zone, including Kobo, to be redeployed north to reinforce lines under heavy Eritrean attack but warned it would return if their southern border is threatened. Disturbing reports have continued to emerge of widespread abuse of civilians in Ethiopia's Tigray region, nearly six months since conflict erupted, the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) said on Tuesday. Other soldiers claimed that the attackers were Amhara Region militias. [173][174], On 22 June 2021, an Ethiopian military cargo plane was shot down over Samre, marking a turn of the war in the TDF's favor. Army chief of staff of Ethiopia, General Birhanu Jula, made the accusations in a televised statement on Thursday. 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